Evolution of Internet

EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNET

Evolution of the Internet

1964:

• Leonard Kleinrock was the first person to publish his work on packet  switching in 1964.

• Paul Baran in 1964 at Rand Institute used packet switching for voice over military network.

• Roger Scantlebury worked with Donald Davies on his pioneering packet switching concept at NPL i.e. National Physical Laboratory in England.

Leonard Kleinrock

Paul Barran

Rojer Scantlebury

Donald Davies

1969:

• For the first time in 1969, Lawrence Roberts published the complete plan for ARPAnet ,first packet switched computer network.

• On May 1 1969 i.e. Labor Day first packet switch was installed at (UCLA) University Of California, Los Angeles followed by (SRI) Stanford Research Institute and University Of Utah.

Lawrence Roberts

1972:

• ARPAnet had grown to 15 nodes and its demonstration was given by Robert Kahn.

• The first host-to-host protocol known as (NCP) Network Controlled Protocol was completed by 1972.

• Ray Tomlinson wrote e-mail program in 1972.

Robert Kahn

Ray Tomlinson

Other networks which used packet switching:

• ALOHAnet

• DARPA's packet satellite and packet-radio network

• Cyclades

• IBM's SNA

1980:

• Minitel was launched in France .

• The Minitel was a videotex online service accessible through telephone lines, and was the world's most successful online service prior to the World Wide Web.

•  It was invented in Cesson-Sévigné, near Rennes in Brittany, France.

• The service was rolled out experimentally in July 1980 in Saint-Malo, France, and from autumn 1980 in other areas, and introduced commercially throughout France in 1982 by the PTT (Postes, Télégraphes et Téléphones; divided since 1991 between France Télécom and La Poste).

1983:

• On January 1, 1983, in what is known as a "flag day", NCP was officially rendered obsolete when the ARPANET changed its core networking protocols from NCP to the more flexible and powerful TCP/IP protocol suite, marking the start of the modern Internet.

1989:

• The web was invented at CERN by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989.

• Berners-Lee proposed an information management system, on 12 March 1989, then implemented the first successful communication between a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and server via the internet, in mid-November of the same year.

Tim Berners-Lee

1990: 

• ARPANET shuts down in 1990.

1991:

•  NSFNET lifted its restriction for use in commercial purposes in 1991.

• For much of the period from 1987 to 1995, following the opening up of the Internet through NSFNET and in particular after the creation of the for-profit ANS CO+RE in May 1991, some Internet stakeholders were concerned over the effects of privatization and the manner in which ANS, IBM, and MCI received a perceived competitive advantage in leveraging federal research money to gain ground in fields in which other companies allegedly were more competitive.

                                                      

2006:

• In 2006, Amazon launched its Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) as a commercial web service that allows small companies and individuals to rent computers on which to run their own computer applications.

• Amazon announced a limited public beta test of EC2 on August 25, 2006, offering access on a first-come, first-served basis.
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THE INTERNET CONTINUES TO EVOLVE AND CHANGE OUR LIVES IN ALL ASPECTS UNIMAGINABLE!!

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